{"id":2609,"date":"2023-10-19T08:11:06","date_gmt":"2023-10-19T06:11:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ietp.thenoklu-studio.com\/resilience-and-adaptation-in-times-of-conflict-and-insecurity-the-battle-of-nigers-women-entrepreneurs-1-2\/"},"modified":"2023-10-19T15:01:27","modified_gmt":"2023-10-19T13:01:27","slug":"resilience-niger-women-entrepreneurs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/entreprenanteafrique.thenoklu-studio.com\/en\/resilience-niger-women-entrepreneurs\/","title":{"rendered":"Resilience and adaptation in times of insecurity: the battle of Niger&#8217;s women entrepreneurs (1\/2)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><iframe title=\"La r\u00e9silience des entrepreneures nig\u00e9riennes en p\u00e9riode de conflit - Ma\u00efmouna Baillet\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/xY-dS_jg9Nw?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>Nigerian women have always stood out for their resilience and survival instinct in an arid, hostile environment.<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Although written records of Africa&#8217;s traditionally oral history are relatively recent, as early as the end of the 19th century they began to extol the courage of a warrior queen, a figure of resistance to the colonists &#8211; Sarraounia Mangou.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">From 1960 to 1974, Niger was back in the limelight thanks to its first &#8220;First Lady&#8221;, Mme A\u00efssa DIORI, who charmed not only with her great beauty, but above all with her unrivalled charisma and rare intelligence. Her prestige radiates around the world. \u201c<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rubbing shoulders with the greats of the world (Elizabeth II, Haile Selassie, Nasser, De Gaulle, Johnson&#8230;), Madame Diori commanded respect and admiration. At her husband&#8217;s side, she began the process of female emancipation through hard work and rigor in this Afro-Muslim region.\u201d\u00a0 <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">She embodied resilience so well. So disturbed, in fact, that she was personally targeted and mortally wounded in the 1974 coup d&#8217;\u00e9tat.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In 1992, in addition to the world-famous March 8, Niger established a Nigerien Women&#8217;s Day to honor this resilience. Indeed, following the historic 1991 march by women to demand greater representation on the preparatory commission for the Sovereign National Conference, May 13 came to symbolize Nigerien Women&#8217;s Day, instituted by presidential decree.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As a reminder, here are a few aspects of this hostile environment. <\/span><b>Although they represent 50.60% of the population, women have the highest illiteracy rate, at 78% (compared with 60% for men)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and are also the poorest. Indeed, <\/span><b>four out of five poor people are women, <\/b>sinking under the weight of socio-cultural and economic barriers such as material dependence, characterized by low decision-making power, arduous work, and difficult access to basic services.<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Financial dependence, reflected in low monetization, laborious access to knowledge, jobs, and productive resources.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Niger holds two sad records, both impacting women: <\/span><b>the highest fertility rate in the world <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(6.2 children per woman in 2021 vs. 7.6 in 2012) and the highest rate of early marriage: 77% of our girls are married before the age of 18 and 28% before the age of 15. And these are just the official figures&#8230; many believe that the reality is even more alarming.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In this context, women have been quick to realize that solidarity &#8211; in line with the now fashionable concept of sisterhood &#8211; is their only option, and female entrepreneurs are no exception to this trend.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Culturally, they are confined to a type of profession that is &#8220;acceptable&#8221; for women: sewing, beauty care, food processing or fruit and vegetable marketing and cooking, which are also low-margin, low-income sectors. And with low barriers to entry, competition is high and activities are often informal.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In cities, they run or invest in very small businesses and SMEs. They accumulate initiatives and jobs. When they have had access to training, they keep their salaried jobs and develop their VSEs at the same time. Insecurity doesn&#8217;t affect them much; they simply adjust their working hours and take precautions to avoid dangerous areas on the outskirts.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In rural areas, they engage in IGAs &#8211; income-generating activities. In villages, women are traditionally involved in market gardening, raising poultry and small ruminants. This income enables them to help support their families. With insecurity, looting and attacks have deprived many of them of income, leading to higher market prices and the impoverishment of entire communes. Forced migration, rural exodus and the loss of fathers and sons at the front have increased the vulnerability of rural women as well as gender-based violence.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>However, since 1992, <strong>they have been organizing themselves into a Union<\/strong>. This is an association or structure of women who have voluntarily decided to band together to defend common interests, but above all to build their financial autonomy through tontines <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; most often 100% female. Insecurity has further strengthened this solidarity.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The financial system has also adapted, and is increasingly offering products to these groups, giving them access to savings and then credit, and freeing them from the guarantee or surety previously provided by a man. The dematerialization of traditional tontines also makes it possible to combat looting and secure the assets of these women&#8217;s unions.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Whether rural or urban, women entrepreneurs in Niger are organizing, building and maintaining their resilience<\/strong>. Groups dedicated to women entrepreneurs are springing up on social networks, as are professional associations and incubators dedicated exclusively to women. For over 20 years, one microfinance institution, MECREF, has taken up the challenge of catering to a clientele made up of 100% women. Indeed, in Niger as in the rest of the world, studies show that women entrepreneurs are better paid than men.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"color: #808080;\">&#8220;Whether rural or urban, women entrepreneurs in Niger are organizing, building and maintaining their resilience&#8221;<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>However, the situation remains critical in many regions<\/strong>. Since the beginning of 2023, according to official figures, some 670,000 forcibly displaced persons have been registered in Niger, 52% of whom are women.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nigerien women will have an increasingly important role to play in rebuilding peace in Niger. Military families are often left to fend for themselves. And just as we saw during the great world wars in Europe, women are now perfectly capable of heading these families and generating income to support the family.<\/span><i><\/i><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Their resilience is still being tested by the coup d&#8217;\u00e9tat of July 26, 2023<\/strong>. Sanctions are taking their toll on households and women in particular, including rising food prices. Nigerien women are calling for peace and a diplomatic way out of the crisis, but they are also passionate about this historic page that the whole country is now writing.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"color: #808080;\">&#8220;Their resilience is still being tested by the coup d&#8217;\u00e9tat of July 26, 2023&#8221;<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>So, more than ever, empowering women is part of economic development and must be a priority. This has a greater impact on health, education and economic development in general. And the fact that they are more involved and that we can provide them with more support will have an impact on safety across the board and at local level.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-1698\" src=\"https:\/\/ietp.thenoklu-studio.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/clipboards.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"30\" height=\"30\" srcset=\"https:\/\/entreprenanteafrique.thenoklu-studio.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/clipboards.png 512w, https:\/\/entreprenanteafrique.thenoklu-studio.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/clipboards-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/entreprenanteafrique.thenoklu-studio.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/clipboards-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 30px) 100vw, 30px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Further reading: in our &#8220;Resilience and Adaptation&#8221; series, discover Mohamed Keita&#8217;s article, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/ietp.thenoklu-studio.com\/en\/mali-renewal-private-sector\/\">Mali&#8217;s renewal will come through the private sector<\/a>&#8220;.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; Nigerian women have always stood out for their resilience and survival instinct in an arid, hostile environment. Although written records of Africa&#8217;s traditionally oral history are relatively recent, as early as the end of the 19th century they began to extol the courage of a warrior queen, a figure of resistance to the colonists [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":78,"featured_media":2623,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"slider_show":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[35,34],"tags":[281,217,183,186,280,101],"thematiques":[],"coauthors":[278],"class_list":["post-2609","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-perspectives","category-testimonials","tag-adaptation-en","tag-africa","tag-gender","tag-niger-en","tag-resilience-en","tag-women-entrepreneurship"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Resilience and adaptation in times of insecurity: the battle of Niger&#039;s women entrepreneurs (1\/2) - 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Elle a eu l\u2019occasion de travailler sur la r\u00e9glementation de la zone UEMOA relative au capital investissement et de participer \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9laboration et au lancement du programme de facilitation du financement des PME\/PMI. Ma\u00efmouna a pr\u00e9c\u00e9demment \u00e9t\u00e9 analyste risque \u00e0 la BNP PARIBAS en France pendant 7 ans, ou elle s\u2019est sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9e dans les financements structur\u00e9s (LBO, OPA, entr\u00e9e et sortie de cote\u2026), et a travaill\u00e9 dans le secteur bancaire en Afrique (Ecobank, BRM). Before joining Sinergi Niger in September 2022, Ma\u00efmouna worked for 10 years for the BCEAO as a project manager in Dakar and as a banking supervisor in Abidjan. She had the opportunity to work on the UEMOA zone's regulations on private equity and to participate in the development and launch of the SME\/SMI financing facilitation program. Ma\u00efmouna was previously a risk analyst at BNP PARIBAS in France for 7 years, where she specialized in structured finance (LBOs, takeovers, listing and delisting...), and worked in the banking sector in Africa (Ecobank, BRM).","sameAs":["http:\/\/www.sinerginiger.com","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/mbaillet\/"],"url":"https:\/\/entreprenanteafrique.thenoklu-studio.com\/en\/author\/maimouna-baillet\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/entreprenanteafrique.thenoklu-studio.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2609","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/entreprenanteafrique.thenoklu-studio.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/entreprenanteafrique.thenoklu-studio.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/entreprenanteafrique.thenoklu-studio.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/78"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/entreprenanteafrique.thenoklu-studio.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2609"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/entreprenanteafrique.thenoklu-studio.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2609\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2653,"href":"https:\/\/entreprenanteafrique.thenoklu-studio.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2609\/revisions\/2653"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/entreprenanteafrique.thenoklu-studio.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2623"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/entreprenanteafrique.thenoklu-studio.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2609"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/entreprenanteafrique.thenoklu-studio.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2609"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/entreprenanteafrique.thenoklu-studio.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2609"},{"taxonomy":"thematiques","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/entreprenanteafrique.thenoklu-studio.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/thematiques?post=2609"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/entreprenanteafrique.thenoklu-studio.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=2609"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}